全國(guó)2011年01月高等教育自學(xué)考試
《高級(jí)英語(yǔ)》試題和答案解析
課程代碼：00600

 
請(qǐng)將答案填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，全部題目用英文作答（英譯漢題目除外）
 
I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (25 points, 1 point for each)
 
West Germany, by contrast, will not be able to  1  any form of euthanasia for a long time to come. Opposition is  2  fierce, because of the shadow of the past. Countries  3  an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some  4  rules for voluntary euthanasia. By  5  to discuss it, they usher in something worse.
We watched while pride allowed unimportant battles to be  6  into the most important stands of the war－because we couldn’t  7  and we couldn’t retreat and because it didn’t matter how many American  8  were provided to prove that point. Now we are told that we have to  9   quietly while the American lives are lost so that we can exercise the  10  arrogance of Vietnamizing the Vietnamese.
Newspapers have two great advantages  11  television. They can be used by men as barriers  12  their wives. It is still the only effective screen against the morning features of the loved one, and, as such, performs a unique human  13  . The second advantage is that you can’t line a  14  pail with a television set—it’s usually the other way  15  .
It is only lately that I have found how much science of genetics is  16  . Agronomists and the like have taken to  17  all sorts of vegetables and fruits－changing their  18  nature. This sounds wonderful and often is  19  . For the scientists have not as a rule taken any  20 whatsoever in the taste of the things they’ve tampered with!
My own lack of shame in the rioting then taking place in America  21  me. In one sense, I was the  22  of the ghetto child who through hard work and initiative was  23  himself toward a better life. I was the  24  , the exception. It was my life that was held up to Watts youth to  25 .
 
 
II. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)
 
26. These arguments have never been _________ accepted.
   A. amply       B. drastically
   C. perpetually     D. universally
27. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to _________ behavior.
   A. unfamiliar       B. uncivilized
   C. unsatisfied     D. uncommon
28. The emergency services said it was _________ that no one was seriously injured in the air crash.
   A. miraculous      B. mysterious
   C. ridiculous        D. relentless
29. Banks _________ receive money from their customers in two distinct forms: on current account, and on deposit account.
   A. formally   B. narrowly
   C. normally D. particularly
30. The recession has _________ so many firms that many can no longer survive.
   A. lessened   B. weakened
   C. decreased       D. reduced
31. In science, a theory is a reasonable __________ of observed events.
   A. explanation     B. excavation
   C. expression       D. evaluation
32. Children do not learn what it is to lose and will __________ violence to release their
disappointment.
   A. refer to    B. attribute to
   C. point to    D. resort to
33.A sincere __________ is like the sunshine which can boost our morale.
   A. compliment    B. supplement
   C. accomplishment    D. complement
34. He was arrested when his __________ scheme to evade taxes came to light.
   A. fake   B. fraudulent
   C. false D. foreign
35. This old room has not been much in use of late. No wonder it has such a_______ appearance.
   A. vulgar       B. fancy
   C. shabby      D. cheap
36. That little boy was so naughty that he tried to _________ feathers from a chicken.
   A. flick   B. twist
   C. pluck        D. toss
37. The task of a teacher _________ patience and conscientiousness.
   A. commands      B. demands
   C. amends  D. mends
38. She gave us unfailing _________ and became an essential part of our family.
   A. devotion   B. inspection
   C. exploration     D. indication
39. As we were saying goodbye, the train started with a_________.
   A. shake        B. shiver
   C. tremble    D. jerk
40. Parents should attach importance to their children’s _________ from adolescence to adulthood.
   A. permission      B. position
   C. transmission   D. transition
 
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items III, IV, V.
 
Why I Came to College
 
(1) Why have I chosen to attend college? I have put this question to myself at many times and in various forms during the past three and a half months which have constituted the first semester of my freshman year. Have I come because of parental influence, or because I have some goal of my own that I wish to pursue? After pondering these questions on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that I have come to college not for one single reason, but for many, and that it is something that I truly want to do.
 
(2) Originally, my parents did influence my opinions about education in general. My mother, an elementary school teacher, was always proud of my academic successes, but she never really pushed me or demanded that I achieve excellent grades. However, from the beginning of my schooling, my parents seemed to assume that I would attend college, and by the time I reached high school, I had become accustomed to that idea as well.
 
(3) When I entered high school, I enrolled in the college preparatory program offered there, looking ahead four years to college attendance. However, as I proceeded further through high school into my junior and senior years, I became genuinely interested in many of the subjects which I was studying. Chemistry, physics, and calculus were the courses which held my interest most strongly and I felt that I wanted to continue to study those areas beyond the high school level. Up to that point in my life, I had always claimed that I wanted to attend college. but didn’t realize why until my high school career drew to a close.
 
(4) Finally, I began to recognize in myself a strong drive to obtain knowledge. I knew that I would not be content to simply end my educational career with high school and enter the working world. I truly felt a need to continue learning in order to gain a better understanding of the world around me. My final decision to attend college seemed a natural one, and my choice of engineering as a field of study came easily as well, since the profession fit well with my academic preferences.
 
(5) The fact that I enjoy learning and gaining knowledge was my main reason for choosing to enter college, but I must admit that it was not the sole reason. In today’s world, a college education has become almost essential if one wishes to compete in the job market. In the next several years, this trend will surely continue, with a Bachelor’s degree becoming almost indispensable if one wishes to find a worthwhile position, and a Master’s degree becoming highly desirable for advanced positions. Although it may sound materialistic, I felt that attending college was a practical and necessary step which I took to ensure a secure future for myself and my family. I made my choice to study engineering primarily on the basis of my love of mathematics and the physical sciences; however, the fact that it is a well-paid and respected profession did have some influence on my final decision to study engineering, rather than a pure science curriculum. Either field would have allowed me to study those subjects which hold my interest, but the decision to pursue the one which would ultimately be more profitable was not a difficult choice to make.
 
(6) A third reason that I am attending college is that I have always hoped that I could make a contribution to the world. I knew that a career involving science and technology would give me the best opportunity to do this. I also knew that in order to pursue such a career, I would be required to go through college. Hopefully, this will enable me to someday make a contribution to the expansion of the frontiers of society’s knowledge, and to in some way benefit mankind.
 
(7) Finally, I chose to attend a diversified college, as opposed to a purely technical institute, because I feel that college should allow a person to grow in areas other than pure academics. It should also expose that student to a variety of social and political ideas, helping to expand his mental horizons. Attending Rutgers University has definitely allowed me to come into contact with a wide variety of lifestyles which could only be found together on a collegiate campus. Additionally, while I am able to major in a scientific field at Rutgers, I am able to simultaneously take courses which explore other fields of study and allow me to become a more diversified and well-rounded person. This overall gain of general knowledge which is available only to the college student is another reason that I was lured toward the pursuit of a higher education.
 
(8) Thus, I came to college not for one reason, but for several different ones. It was something that I had planned, even without fully knowing why, for several years. It was certainly the next logical step in my educational career after the completion of high school. However, only in my final two years of high school did I actually begin to recognize in myself the inherent desire to obtain information and learning which pursue the other goals which I had set for myself. I also knew that I wanted to become a more diversified person, and that a college education was the best means to attain that end.
 
(9) Why have I chosen to attend college? Sometimes I am unsure of the exact reason myself. I am sure, however, that it is what I should do and what I want to do with the next four years of my life.
 
III. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four  choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points for each)
 
41. According to the passage, the author came to college mainly __________.
   A. out of his own will        B. because of social pressure
   C. out of respect for his parents     D. because of financial attraction
 
42. The word “pondering” in Paragraph l can be best replaced by __________ .
   A. answering appropriately     B. exploring thoroughly
   C. dealing with efficiently        D. thinking carefully about
 
43. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the author’s parents?
   A. They were demanding.
   B. They were open-minded.
   C. They were indifferent to his future.
   D. They were anxious about his future.
 
44. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “genuinely” in Paragraph 3 ?
   A. really        B. completely
   C. immediately   D. finally
 
45. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that _________ .
   A. few people study for Bachelor’s degrees
   B. a college degree means more than ever before
   C. college education is required for a good future
   D. a Master’s degree can guarantee advanced positions
 
46. Which of the following can best explain the word “indispensable” in Paragraph 5?
   A. ingenuous       B. essential
   C. advantageous        D. helpful
 
47. The author chose engineering mainly because _________ .
   A. it was more popular     B. he could make more money
   C. he was more interested in it      D. he could be more successful
 
48. College education was expected to make the author _________ .
   A. realistic    B. technically sophisticated
   C. intelligent       D. comprehensively developed
 
49. The author states in Paragraph 7 that _________ .
   A. a diversified college can provide knowledge in various fields
   B. a diversified college is the only place where a person can learn
   C. higher education in a diversified college can ensure success in the future
   D. a student can learn as many subjects as he likes in a diversified college
 
50. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to _________ .
   A. advertise educational institutions
   B. persuade people to obtain college degrees
   C. emphasize the importance of higher education
   D. express his understanding of today’s education systems
 
IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (10 points,2 points for each)
 
51. Have I come because of parental influence, or because I have some goal of my own that I wish to pursue?
52. When I entered high school, I enrolled in the college preparatory program offered there, looking ahead four years to college attendance.
53.Up to that point in my life, I had always claimed that I wanted to attend college, but didn’t realize why until my high school career drew to a close.
54.I knew that I would not be content to simply end my educational career with high school and enter the working world.
55.I also knew that I wanted to become a more diversified person, and that a college education was the best means to attain that end.
V. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10 points)
56. Why did you decide to have higher education?
 
VI. Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (20 points,2 points each for 57-60,4 points for 61,8 points for 62)
 
57.這一解決方式的弊端在于它已不再?gòu)V泛適用。
58.當(dāng)這個(gè)富足的國(guó)家沒(méi)有孩子餓著肚子上床時(shí)，我可能會(huì)樂(lè)于回去教書。
59.美國(guó)人做的比看電視更多的事情只有工作和睡覺(jué)。
60.那種認(rèn)為藝術(shù)應(yīng)該與政治脫鉤的觀點(diǎn)本身就是一種政治態(tài)度。
61.魚露出水面，閃動(dòng)著身子在線的另一端掙扎。他緊緊地將魚攥在手里，把魚鉤從嘴里取出來(lái)。
62.瓦茨那里有抱負(fù)又有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的年輕人談?wù)摰氖亲叱鋈?chuàng)業(yè)。他們正是那樣做的。有才能的年輕人成群結(jié)隊(duì)地離開瓦茨。他們共同擁有的一個(gè)本領(lǐng)就是逃離這個(gè)貧民窟。
 
全國(guó)2011年01高等教育自學(xué)考試
高級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題及點(diǎn)評(píng)
（課程代碼：00600）
 
I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (25 points, 1 point for each)
 
1.Q        2.H         3.R         4.P         5.G        
6.S         7.C         8.T         9.I          10.D
11.K              12.E              13.U              14.J        15.F             
16.B              17.X           18.Y             19.N       20.O
21.V              22.M          23.A             24.W      25.L
 
【解析】這是五段不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，要正確選詞填空。首先，把25個(gè)選項(xiàng)瀏覽一遍，詞性、時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)注一下。其次，瀏覽各個(gè)段落，根據(jù)短文意思和句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行填詞。有些短文選自課本，但是一味的去背課本，不把復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)放在單詞、短語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)法的理解上，考試通過(guò)難度是相當(dāng)大的。因此，只有把英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)了，這道題是很簡(jiǎn)單的。最后，快速檢查一下選項(xiàng)，認(rèn)真推敲自己不確定的答案。
 
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題主要考查考生的詞匯、語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。
 
II. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)
 
26.D     
       【解析】句意：這些論點(diǎn)從來(lái)沒(méi)有被普遍接受。A.amply adv. 1.充足地;廣闊地;詳細(xì)地；B. drastically adv.1.大大地;徹底地2.激烈地；C. perpetually adv. 1.永恒地2.終身地3.不斷地D. universally adv. 全體地；一致地；到處，隨時(shí)隨地。根據(jù)句意，故選D。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查副詞的辨析。
27.B     
【解析】句意：它可以使沉著冷靜、脾氣好的司機(jī)抵抗誘惑來(lái)報(bào)復(fù)那些野蠻行為。A. unfamiliar a. 1.不熟悉的;不常見(jiàn)的;陌生的[(+to)]，2.不熟知的;不通曉的;未見(jiàn)過(guò)的[F][(+with)] ；B. uncivilized a. 野蠻的，未開化的；C. unsatisfied a. 未得到滿足的;不滿意的；D. uncommon a. 1.不尋常的;罕見(jiàn)的2.非凡的,杰出的。根據(jù)句意，故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查形容詞的辨析。
28.A     
       【解析】句意：緊急服務(wù)說(shuō)沒(méi)有人員在這次空難中受傷創(chuàng)造了奇跡。A. miraculous a. 1.神奇的;超自然的2.奇跡般的;驚人的3.能創(chuàng)造奇跡的；B. mysterious a. 1.神秘的;不可思議的2.詭秘的；C. ridiculous a.可笑的,荒謬的;滑稽的D. relentless a. 1.殘酷的,無(wú)情的2.不間斷的,持續(xù)的;堅(jiān)韌的,不懈的。根據(jù)句意，故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查了形容詞的辨析。
29.C      
       【解析】句意：銀行通常接受其客戶的資金是以兩種不同的形式：目前的帳戶，存款帳戶。A. formally adv. 1.正式地;正規(guī)地2.拘泥形式地;形式上；B. narrowly adv. 1.狹窄地2.勉強(qiáng)地3.嚴(yán)密地;仔細(xì)地；C. normally adv. 1.正常地2.通常,按慣例；D. particularly adv. 1.特別,尤其2.詳細(xì)地,詳盡地3.具體地,明確地。根據(jù)句意，故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查副詞的辨析。
30.B     
       【解析】句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，許多公司被削弱，再也不能運(yùn)營(yíng)。A. lessen vi. 1.變小,變少;減輕vt. 1.使變小,使變少;使減輕2.【古】藐視;貶低減少的；B. weaken vt. 1.削弱,減弱;減少2.使變?nèi)?使變淡；C. decrease vi. 1.減;減少,減小[(+in/to)]vt. 1.減;減少,減小[(+to)]；D. reduced vt. 1.減少;縮小;降低2.使處于(某種狀態(tài));使化為,使變?yōu)閇(+to)]。根據(jù)題意，故選B
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。
31.A     
       【解析】句意：在科學(xué)，理論是對(duì)所觀察事件的合理解釋。A.explanation n. 1.說(shuō)明,解釋[U][C][(+of/for)]2.辯解;辯明[U][C][(+of/for)][+(that)]3.(為消除誤會(huì)等的)交談,互相講明[S]；B. excavation n. 1.挖掘;開鑿[U]2.開鑿的洞穴(或山路等)[C]3.(發(fā)掘出來(lái)的)古跡;出土的文物[C]；C. expression n. 1.表達(dá);表示[U][C][(+of)]2.表情;臉色;聲調(diào)[C][U]；D. evaluation n.估價(jià),評(píng)價(jià);估算[C][U]。根據(jù)句意，故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞的辨析。
32.D     
       【解析】句意：孩子們不知道什么是該失去，用暴力釋放他們的失望。A.refer to1.參考，查閱；涉及，提到；指的是2.提到；講起；有關(guān)；涉及；參考；查閱；B. attribute to attribute to1.把……歸因于；把……歸功于2.把……歸因于，認(rèn)為是……的結(jié)果；C. point to 1.指向，指出2.指著3.意味著；D. resort to 1.依靠,求助于2.光顧;常去(某地) 。根據(jù)句意，故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。
33.A     
       【解析】句意：真誠(chéng)的贊美，猶如陽(yáng)光，可以提高我們的士氣。A. compliment n.贊美的話;恭維;敬意[(+on)]2.問(wèn)候;致意;道賀[P]；B. supplement1.增補(bǔ),補(bǔ)充[(+to)] 2.(書籍的)補(bǔ)遺;附錄;(報(bào)刊等的)增刊,副刊[(+to)] 3.補(bǔ)給品；C. accomplishment n. 1.成就;成績(jī)[C] 2.才藝,教養(yǎng);造詣;技能[P1] 3.完成;實(shí)現(xiàn)[U]；D. complement n.補(bǔ)充物, 補(bǔ)足物; 配對(duì)物[(+to/of)]。根據(jù)句意，故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞的辨析。
34.B     
       【解析】句意：當(dāng)他的欺詐計(jì)劃以逃避稅被揭發(fā)時(shí)他被逮捕了。A. fake a. 假的，冒充的；B. fraudulent a. 1.欺詐的,欺騙的2.騙得的,騙取的；C. false a. 1.不正確的,謬誤的;不真實(shí)的2.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的;虛妄的3.不忠實(shí)的,無(wú)信義的[(+to)] D. foreign a.陌生的;不屬于本身的;不適合的[F][(+to)]。根據(jù)句意，故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查形容詞的辨析。
35.C
       【解析】句意：這棟老房子沒(méi)有太大的后期使用。難怪這么破舊。A. vulgar a. 1.粗俗的;下流的;粗魯?shù)?.通俗的;大眾的,庶民的[B]；B. fancy a. 1.別致的;花俏的;花式的2.需要高度技巧的C. shabby a. 1.破爛的;破舊的2.邋遢的,骯臟的3.破落的,破敗的；D. cheap a.便宜的。根據(jù)句意，故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查形容詞的辨析。
36.C           
       【解析】句意：這個(gè)小男孩特別調(diào)頻，竟然拔雞毛。A. flick vt. 1.啪地輕打;輕彈[(+with)] 2.彈掉[(+off/away)]3.啪地開動(dòng)[(+on/off)]；B. twist vt. 1.扭轉(zhuǎn);扭彎;旋轉(zhuǎn),絞2.捻,搓;捻成,搓成；C. pluck vt. 1.采,摘,拔[(+from/out/off)][O1] 2.扯,拉D. toss vt. 1.拋,扔,投[(+to)][O1] 2.使上下?lián)u動(dòng);把...拋來(lái)拋去。根據(jù)句意，故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。
37.B     
       【解析】教師的工作需要耐心和良心。A. command vt.1.命令；2. 指揮,統(tǒng)率;控制B. demand vt. 1.要求,請(qǐng)求[+to-v][+that][(+of)] 2.需要；C. amend vt. 1.修訂,修改;訂正2.改進(jìn),改善；D. mend vt. 1.修理,修補(bǔ);縫補(bǔ)2.改善,改良;糾正,改正3.使愈合;使恢復(fù)健康。根據(jù)句意，故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。
38.A     
       【解析】句意：她對(duì)我們無(wú)窮的奉獻(xiàn)，已經(jīng)成為我們家庭的重要一員。A. devotion n. 1.獻(xiàn)身;奉獻(xiàn)[U][(+to)] 2.忠誠(chéng);摯愛(ài),熱愛(ài)[U][(+to/for)] B. inspection n.檢查,檢驗(yàn);審視2.檢閱,視察C. exploration n. [U][C][(+of)]1.勘查;探測(cè);探索探究;2.調(diào)查;研究D. indication n.1.指示;指點(diǎn);表示[U][(+of)] 2.征兆;跡象;暗示[C][U][(+of)][+that]。根據(jù)句意，故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞的辨析。
39.D     
       【解析】句意：當(dāng)我們要再見(jiàn)的時(shí)候，火車猛的動(dòng)了一下。A. shake n. 搖動(dòng);震動(dòng); B. shiver n. 1. 顫抖2.寒顫C. tremble n. 震顫,發(fā)抖;震動(dòng)D. jerk n.猛然地一拉(或一推,一扭,一扔等) 2.顛簸,搖晃。根據(jù)句意，故選D。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞的辨析。
40.D
       【解析】句意：從孩子青春期到成年，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)重視孩子的轉(zhuǎn)變。A. permission n.允許,許可,同意[U][+to-v]；B. position n. 1.位置,地點(diǎn),方位2.立場(chǎng);態(tài)度；C. transmission n. 1.傳送;傳達(dá)[U]2.傳染,傳播[U] D. transition n. 1.傳送;傳達(dá)[U]2.傳染,傳播[U]3.轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)題意，故選D。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞的辨析。
III. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four  choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points for each)
41.A
       【解析】句意：根據(jù)文章，作者上大學(xué)的主要原因是什么？A.個(gè)人意愿；B.社會(huì)壓力；C.對(duì)父母的尊敬；D.資金的誘惑。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者上大學(xué)的原因很多，但主要原因是作者想成為綜合人才，因此作者上學(xué)是個(gè)人意愿。故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題。
42.D
       【解析】題意：第一段中單詞“pondering”可以用下面那個(gè)替換？ponder vt.反思；衡量。A.正確回答問(wèn)題；B.仔細(xì)探索；C.有效處理；D. 仔細(xì)考慮。故選D。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】詞匯題。
43.B
       【解析】題意：根據(jù)第二段，關(guān)于作者的父母，下列哪一個(gè)是正確的？A.他們的要求；B.他們開放的思想；C.他們對(duì)孩子未來(lái)的冷漠；D.他們對(duì)孩子未來(lái)的焦慮。第二段中母親總是以“我”為豪，從沒(méi)有促使、要求“我”的成績(jī)，從他上學(xué)，父母就認(rèn)為“我”上大學(xué)是很自然的事實(shí)。由此可見(jiàn)，父母給孩子的成長(zhǎng)氛圍很輕松，而且對(duì)孩子也很有信心。故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題。
44.A
       【解析】題意：下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思最接近第三段單詞“genuinely”？ genuinely adv. 真正地。A.真正地；B.完全地；C.立刻的；D.最終地。故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】詞匯題。
45.C
       【解析】題意：從第五段可推斷出什么？A.很少人學(xué)習(xí)是為了本科學(xué)位；B.大學(xué)學(xué)位對(duì)以后意味著很多；C.大學(xué)教育是美好未來(lái)的要求；D.碩士學(xué)位能保證有更好的職位。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容，A文章中沒(méi)有提及，BD大學(xué)教育是從事工作的基本要求，故BD錯(cuò)誤。故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】推斷題。
46.B
       【解析】題意：下列哪個(gè)能最好的釋義第五段單詞“indispensable”? indispensable a.必不可少的，必須的。A. 率直的;無(wú)邪的；B.基本的，必須的；C. 有利的;有助的;有益的；D.有幫助的。故選B。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】詞匯題。
47.C
       【解析】題意：作者選工程學(xué)專業(yè)主要是因?yàn)槭裁矗緼.比較受歡迎；B.能賺更多的錢；C.他感興趣；D.他能更成功。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容 “I made my choice to study engineering primarily on the basis of my love of mathematics and the physical sciences; however, the fact that it is a well-paid and respected profession did have some influence on my final decision to study engineering, rather than a pure science curriculum. Either field would have allowed me to study those subjects which hold my interest, but the decision to pursue the one which would ultimately be more profitable was not a difficult choice to make.”故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題。
48.D
       【解析】題意：作者期望大學(xué)教育會(huì)使他怎樣？A.現(xiàn)實(shí)；B.技術(shù)先進(jìn)；C.理性；D.全面發(fā)展。 根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“I also knew that I wanted to become a more diversified person, and that a college education was the best means to attain that end.”可知，作者想在大學(xué)全面發(fā)展，成為一個(gè)綜合素質(zhì)的人才。故選D。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題。
49.A
       【解析】題意：作者在第七段中的觀點(diǎn)是什么？A.綜合性的大學(xué)能提供學(xué)術(shù)界的知識(shí)；B.綜合性大學(xué)時(shí)唯一能學(xué)習(xí)的地方；C.高等教育在綜合性大學(xué)能保證未來(lái)的成功；D.在綜合性大學(xué)，學(xué)生能學(xué)習(xí)許多他們感興趣的課程。根據(jù)文章，故選A。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題。
50.C
       【解析】題意：作者寫這篇文章的目的是什么？A.宣傳教育機(jī)構(gòu)；B.說(shuō)服人們?nèi)〉么髮W(xué)學(xué)位；C.強(qiáng)調(diào)高等教育的重要；D.陳述他對(duì)今天教育體系的理解。文章講了作者為什么上大學(xué)，有很多原因，父母的期望；自己的理想；工作的需要；社會(huì)的需要等。所有這些都可以通過(guò)大學(xué)的高等教育實(shí)現(xiàn)，使作者成為綜合素質(zhì)的人才。故本文的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)高等教育的重要。故選C。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】主旨題。
IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (10 points,2 points for each)
51. 我來(lái)上大學(xué)是由于父母的影響還是因?yàn)槲矣凶约鹤分鸬哪繕?biāo)？
52. 進(jìn)入高中，我就開始大學(xué)的預(yù)備工作，展望四年的大學(xué)生活。
53. 就在那時(shí)，我還一直聲稱我想上大學(xué)，但是直到高中畢業(yè)才意識(shí)到上學(xué)的原因。
54. 我知道我不會(huì)滿足于簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)束我的高中生活從而走向工作。
55. 我也知道我想成為一個(gè)更多元化的人，而大學(xué)教育是實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)的最好方法。
       【解析】這五個(gè)句子的翻譯是要結(jié)合文章，單獨(dú)一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可能不完整，在一定的語(yǔ)境才能準(zhǔn)確把握句意。
       【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查對(duì)文章的理解及一些語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。
【評(píng)分參考】
（1）譯文準(zhǔn)確，句子連貫，無(wú)重大理解錯(cuò)誤，不扣分。
（2）雖然譯文與答案不完全相符，但能夠正確表達(dá)愿意，不扣分。
（3）譯文不準(zhǔn)確，內(nèi)容不連貫，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)重大理解錯(cuò)誤，該小題扣1分。
（4）關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容上的漏譯，每出現(xiàn)一個(gè)，該小題扣1分，關(guān)鍵詞匯的漏譯，每出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)，該小題扣1分，但不出現(xiàn)負(fù)分。
V. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10 points)
56.
【評(píng)分參考】
（1）內(nèi)容占6分，語(yǔ)言占4分。
（2）答案結(jié)構(gòu)合理，語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確，條理清晰，得4分。
（3）每出現(xiàn)兩處重大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤扣1分，但是扣分不得超過(guò)2分。
（4）結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，條理不清，扣2分。
（5）少于60詞扣2分。
（6）完全照抄原文，雖涉及所需全部?jī)?nèi)容，最多給3分。
 
VI. Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (20 points,2 points each for 57-60,4 points for 61,8 points for 62)
 
57. This solution way's malpractice lies in it nolonger widely to be suitable.
58. When this wealthy country does not have thechild has an empty stomach goes to bed, I will possibly be glad toteaching.
59. The American does compared to watches televisionmore matters only then to work and to sleep.
60. That kind thought that art should the viewpointwhich itself gets unhooked with politics be one politicalattitude.
61. The fish sauce leaves the water surface,flashes the body online another end to struggle. He closelyentrains the fish in the hand, takes the fishhook from betweenlips., n5
62. The talk among the ambitions and future-minded youth in Watts was on getting out so that careers could begin. And they did just that. The talented young people left Watts in droves. The one skill they had in common was the ability to escape the ghetto.
 
       【解析】句子翻譯的方法：首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定簡(jiǎn)單句/復(fù)合句句型；其次，確定句子的主干，即主謂賓/主系表結(jié)構(gòu)；最后，分析句子時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確選擇。
       【點(diǎn)題】本題70%歷年是從課本選擇。所以對(duì)課本的知識(shí)要掌握好。
【評(píng)分參考】
（1）譯文準(zhǔn)確，句子連貫，無(wú)重大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，不扣分。
（2）雖然譯文與答案不完全相符，但能夠正確表達(dá)原意，不扣分。
（3）譯文不準(zhǔn)確，內(nèi)容不連貫，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)重大錯(cuò)誤，該小題扣1分。
（4）拼寫錯(cuò)誤每出現(xiàn)5個(gè)扣1分，不重復(fù)扣分，不得出現(xiàn)負(fù)分。
（5）第61題共4分。
（6）第62題共8分，每句2分。
 
 

2011年01月全國(guó)自考《高級(jí)英語(yǔ):00600》試題和答案：免費(fèi)下載（word文檔）