全國2010年4月高等教育自學考試
《英語翻譯》試題和答案
課程代碼：00087
I . Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A.朱德想起了自己的年齡，他已36歲了，他的青春轉瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
B.朱德想起了自己的年齡，36歲了，青春轉瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
C.朱德想起了自己的年齡，36歲了，他的青春轉瞬即逝，留給他的只是衰老和失望。
D.朱德想起了自己的年齡，他已36歲了，青春轉瞬即逝，留給他的只是衰老和失望。
2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.
A.在這個意義重大的日子即將結束的時候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快樂之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
B.在這個意義重大的日子即將結束的時候，我躺在小床上，生活在快樂之中，我比任何孩子都幸福。
C.恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了，就在這個意義重大的日子即將結束的時候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快樂之中。
D.我比任何孩子都幸福，就在這個意義重大的日子即將結束的時候，我躺在小床上，生活存快樂之中。
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
A.幾乎是無意識地，我用手指摸著我所熟悉的葉片和花朵，久久不愿移開，這些新長的葉片和剛開的花朵迎來了芬芳的、南方的春天。
B.幾乎是無意識地，我用手指摸著我所熟悉的葉片和花朵，久久不愿移開，這些新長的葉片和剛開的花朵似乎在迎接著南國芬芳的春天。
C.我的手指幾乎是無意識地摸著我所熟悉的葉片和花朵，久久不愿移開，這些新長的葉片和剛開的花朵迎來了芬芳的、南方的春天。
D.我的手指幾乎是無意識地摸著我所熟悉的葉片和花朵，久久不愿移開，這些新長的葉片和剛開的花朵似乎在迎接著南國芬芳的春天。
4. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives it connects.
A.從今天開始，我的生活和以前迥然不同，想到這點，我就感到非常興奮。
B.我非常興奮，因為我想到我今后的生活和以前迥然不同。
C.從今天開始，我的生活會和以前迥然不同，想到這點，我就感到非常興奮。
D.我非常興奮，因為我想到今后的我會和以前生活迥然不同。
5. To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests.
A.為了弄清睡眠不足會產生什么樣的后果，研究人員通過一系列心理測試和表現測試來設立學科。
B.為了弄清睡眠不足會產生什么樣的后果，研究人員對這些學科進行了各種測試，包括心理和表現。
C.為了弄清睡眠不足會產生什么樣的后果，研究人員對測試對象進行了各種測試，包括心理和表現。
D.為了弄清睡眠不足會產生什么樣的后果，研究人員對測試對象進行了一系列的心理測試和表現測試。
6.今天，專心致志進行現代化建設的中國人民，更需要有一個長期的和平國際環境和良好的周邊環境。
A. Today, the Chinese people, who are committing to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
B. Today, the Chinese people, who are committed to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
C. Today, the Chinese people are committing to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
D. Today, the Chinese people are committed to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
7.相互了解，是發展國與國之間關系的前提。唯有相互了解，才能增進信任，加強合作。
A. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
B. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
8.合營企業的一切活動應遵守中華人民共和國法律、法令和有關條例規定。
A. All activities of an equity joint venture should comply by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
B. All activities of an equity joint venture shall abide with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
C. All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
D. All activities of an equity joint venture should abide by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
9.按照《聯合國海洋法公約》的規定，中國還對廣闊的大陸架和專屬經濟區行使主權和管轄權。
A. As defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
B. Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
C. China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
D. China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
10.做事要有毅力，不要因為事情很難或者麻煩而撒手不干。
A. Practise perseverance or never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
B. Practise perseverance and not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
C. Practise perseverance and never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
D. Practise perseverance or not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
11.______認為“以效果而論，翻譯應當像臨畫一樣，所求的不在形似而在神似。”
A.郭沫若 B.茅盾 C.傅雷 D.王佐良
12.“翻譯的確切性就是通過復制原文形式的特點(如果語言條件許可的話)，或創造在作用上與原文特點相符的東西來表達原文所特有的內容與形式間的相互關系。”這是費道羅夫在他的著作______中指出的。
A.《語言與翻譯面面觀》 B.《語言與翻譯》C.《論翻譯的原則》D.《翻譯理論概要》
13. According to A. F. Tytler, the three principles of translation are the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. the translation should have all the ease of the original composition
B. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work
C. the merit of the original work should be completely transfused into another language
D. the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original
14.著名翻譯家王佐良教授以翻譯英詩為主，他對譯詩的看法是______。
A.格律要如原詩，追求每行字數的一律
B.譯者在自己的譯文風格上不必追求創新和探索
C.譯詩須像詩，要忠實傳達原作的內容、意境、情調
D.語言要設法接近原作，要保持其原有的新鮮或銳利，但是形象可以意譯
15.原文：該廠產品的主要特點是工藝精湛，經久耐用。
譯文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
對于原文中的黑體部分，譯者采用的主要翻譯技巧是______。
A.增詞 B.減詞
C.詞類轉換 D.分譯法
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
16. anti-doping agency 17. Achilles’ heel
18. enforcement power 19. geologist
20. entrepreneurial spirit 21. life imprisonment
22. duty-free goods 23. the New Testament
24. global positioning system 25. blue chips
B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
26.琉璃瓦 27.殘奧會28.絲綢之路 29.旅游旺季30.余震 31.中國紅十字會
32.履行義務 33.知識密集型產業34.多邊外交 35.同聲傳譯
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
36. 原文: We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
譯文：在改革和對外開放政策下，我們強烈地感受到了中國的多樣化、活力和進步。
37. 原文：Public officials may be removed from office for failing to perform their duties properly, as well as for serious violations of law.
譯文：公職人員如果瀆職就會被撤職，并被視為嚴重違法。
38. 原文：You cannot be too careful in proofreading.
譯文：校對時，你不能過于仔細。
39.原文： She persisted in her work when she might take a good rest.
譯文：當她可以休息時，她卻在工作。
40. 原文： He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name.
譯文：他真希望自己請她跳了舞，又知道了她的芳名，那該有多好。
41.原文：理論上看起來容易的事情做起來卻往往非常困難。
譯文: That seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.
42.原文：人們喜愛這位美國當代優秀作家。
譯文: People love this American contemporary outstanding writer.
43.原文：為了推動中美關系的發展，中國需要進一步了解美國，美國也需要進一步了解中國。
譯文: To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and the United States needs to know China better.
44.原文：中國作為人類文明發祥地之一，在幾千年的歷史進程中，文化傳統始終沒有中斷。
譯文: As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousands years.
45.原文：中國現有宜農荒地3,500萬公頃，其中可開墾為耕地的約有1,470萬公頃。
譯文: China now has 3.5 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 1.47 million hectares can be reclaimed.
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
46.
The central government has taken the unprecedented step of giving children across the country a special lesson on their first day of school—how to survive natural disasters.
This comes in the wake of the devastating Sichuan earthquake in May, which left 88,000 people dead or missing. In response, Beijing ordered China Central Television to produce a programme to teach students how to survive during emergencies.
The First Lesson of the Beginning of the School Term, will be aired on CCTV tonight and is required viewing for all mainland school students.
The Ministry of Education has also instructed all primary and secondary schools to implement each safety measure presented in the programme and to plan for any contingency. "After the school term opens, schools have to focus on carrying out safety education and safety drills," the ministry said.
A Beijing-based journalism scholar welcomed the move, saying China had never before made a programme specifically on disaster prevention and escape.
“In the past, we had a lack of disaster preventive measures,” he said. “Now I think the Sichuan quake finally brought some positive changes because the death toll, especially among students, was just too high ...”
47.
立足國內資源，實現糧食基本自給，是中國解決糧食供需問題的基本方針。中國將努力促進糧食增產，確保在正常情況下糧食自給率不低于95％，凈進口量不超過國內消費量的5％。
現階段中國已經實現了糧食基本自給，在未來的發展過程中，中國依靠自己的力量實現糧食基本自給，客觀上具備諸多有利因素。根據中國農業自然資源、生產條件、技術水平和其他發展條件，糧食增產潛力很大。
2010年4月全國高等教育自學考試
英語翻譯試題答案及評分參考
（課程代碼 00087）
I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
A: 1-5: BADCD 6-10: BBCAC
B: 11-15: CDCCC
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A: 16. 反興奮劑機構 17. 唯一致命的弱點/阿基里斯的腳踵
18. 執法的權力 19. 地質學家
20. 創業精神 21. 無期徒刑/終身監禁
22. 免稅（商）品 23. 《新約》
24. 全球衛星定位系統 25. 藍籌股
（評分參考）
（1）英譯漢詞組翻譯共10小題，每小題1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如與參考答案相符，給1分。
（3）兩個以上單詞構成的詞組如有一個單詞譯錯而其他地方都正確，可得0.5分。如兩個單詞譯錯不能得分。
（4）本題多為固定詞組或專有詞語，如果沒有特殊說明，其他與參考答案不相符的譯文均不能得分。
B: 26. glazed tiles
27. (the) Paralympics / Paralympic Games
28. (the) Silk Road
29. tourist season / tourist boom
30. afternoon
31. (the) Red Cross Society of China
32. (to) fulfill obligations
33. knowledge-intensive industry
34. multilateral diplomacy
35. simultaneous interpretation
（評分參考）
（1）漢譯英詞組翻譯共10小題，每小題1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如與參考答案相符，給1分。
（3）考生如在大小寫、單復數和冠詞等方面與參考答案不完全相符，但詞組主體部分正確，酌情扣0.5分。考生答案中每題如有兩個以上的錯誤，則不能得分。
（4）本題多為固定詞組或專有詞語，如果沒有特殊說明，其他與參考答案不相符的譯文均不能得分。
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. 36. 我們強烈地感受到了你們實行的改革和對外開放政策給中國帶來的多樣化、活力和進步。（介賓短語的修飾范圍）
37. 公職人員瀆職跟嚴重違法一樣都會被撤職。（…as well as…句型的翻譯）
38. 校對時，越仔細越好。（否定結構的翻譯）
39. 盡管她可以好好休息一下，可她卻還是堅持工作。（詞語的上下文意義）
40. 他真希望自己當時請他跳了舞，現在又知道她的芳名，那該有多好。（虛擬語氣的翻譯）。
B. 41. What seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.（主語從句的翻譯）
42. People love this outstanding contemporary American writer.（翻譯中的定語順序）
43. To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.（省略法的運用）
44. As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousand years.（數字的翻譯）
45. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.（數字的翻譯）
（評分的參考）
（1）本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。
（2）凡與參考答案相符者，給2分；每小題中若有兩處錯誤，改對一處得1分；若與參考答案不符，但考生能用規范譯語把原文的意思準確地表達出來，也可給2分。
（3）即使辨認出錯誤，但沒能正確改譯，不給分。
（4）考生在改譯中把原譯的錯誤或不妥之處改掉，卻又在另一點上犯錯，原則上不給分；如錯誤小，可考慮給1分。
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
A. 46. 參考譯文：
中央政府采取了一項前所未有的措施——在開學第一天為全國的學生開設特別課，教他們在自然災難發生時如何自救。
這項措施是在五月份發生的四川大地震之后采取的，那場地震導致88,000人死亡和失蹤。針對這個情況，北京下令讓中國中央電視臺制作出一套節目來指導學生在緊急情況下如何自救。
《開學第一課》將于今晚在中央電視臺播出，并要大陸各在校中、小學生都觀看。
教育部還指示所有中、小學校都要貫徹落實電視節目中的每一項安全措施并制定出對突發情況的應急方案。“學校開學后就應該重點進行安全教育和安全訓練，”教育部說。
駐北京的一位新聞學者對這一舉措表示歡迎。他說中國過去從來沒有專門制作過關于災難預防和逃生的節目。
“過去我們缺乏預防災難的措施，”那位學者說，“現在我認為四川地震最終帶來了某些積極的變化，因為地震中的死亡人數——特別是學生的死亡人數實在是太高了……”
（評分參看）
（1）英譯漢部分，滿分為15分，包括分句評價分為14分，總體評價分為1分。
（2）考生的分句評價分在12分（含12分）以上才可加總體評價分。如果譯文在總體上理解正確，內容上忠實原文，表達流暢，漢語規范，則可給1分。如果理解基本正確，內容上基本忠實原文，表達比較流暢，語言基本規范，則可酌情給0.5分。
（3）每句譯文如忠實原文，語言表達無誤，則可得該句的滿分。句中如有誤譯、漏譯、語法錯誤、拼寫錯誤等，則可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超過該句的分值。如證據誤譯或漏譯，則不給分。
（4）若譯文與參考答案不符，但考生能用規范譯語把原文的意思準確地表達出來，則不扣分。
全文共分九句。分句評價分的分值如下：
第1句：2分。“unprecedented”也可譯為“空前的”，“first day of school”若譯為“剛入學的”，扣0.5分。
第2句：1.5分。“in the wake of”若譯錯，扣0.5分，“left…”若譯為“留下…”，扣0.5分。
第3句：1分。
第4句：1.5分。“aired”若譯錯扣0.5分。
第5句：3分。“to implement…measure”若譯錯，扣1分。
第6句：1分。若“focus on…”或“drill”譯錯，扣0.5分。
第7句：1.5分。若“Beijing-based”或“move”譯錯，扣0.5分。
第8句：1分。
第9句：1.5分。“positive”若譯為“正面的”可不扣分。
B. 47. 參考譯文：
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to rely on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain. China endeavors to increase its grain production so that its self-sufficiency rate of grain under normal conditions will be above 95 percent and the net import rate 5 percent, or even less, of the total consumption quantity.
China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development. Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.
（評分參考）
（1）漢譯英部分，滿分為15分，包括分句評價分為14分，總體評價分為1分。
（2）考生的分句評價分在12分（含12分）以上才可加總體評價分。如果譯文在總體上理解正確，內容上忠實原文，表達流暢，語言規范，則可給1分。如果理解基本正確，內容上基本忠實原文，表達比較流暢，語言基本規范，則可酌情給0.5分。
（3）每句譯文如忠實原文，語言表達無誤，則可得該句的滿分。句中如有誤譯、漏譯、語法錯誤、拼寫錯誤等，則可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超過該句的分值。如證據誤譯或漏譯，則不給分。
（4）若譯文與參考答案不符，但考生能用規范譯語把原文的意思準確地表達出來，則不予扣分。
漢語一個分句算一句，全文共4句。分句評價分的分值如下：
第1句：3分。“實現……基本自給”如果譯錯，扣1分。
第2句：3.5分。“努力……”若譯成“to try her (or its) best”，不扣分，“凈進口量”若譯錯，扣1分。
第3句：4分。“現階段”如果譯成“now”，扣0.5分，“客觀上（的）有利因素”如果譯成“Objective favorable factors”，扣1分。
第4句：3.5分。“農業自然資源”若譯成“agricultural natural resources”，扣1分。
2010年4月全國自考《英語翻譯:00087》試題和答案：免費下載（word文檔）
